Frederick Bates (politician)
Frederick Bates | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 2nd Governor of Missouri | |
| In office November 15, 1824 – August 4, 1825 | |
| Lieutenant | Benjamin Harrison Reeves |
| Preceded by | Alexander McNair |
| Succeeded by | Abraham J. Williams |
| Personal details | |
| Born | June 23, 1777 Belmont, Goochland County, Virginia, U.S. |
| Died | August 4, 1825 (aged 48) Chesterfield, Missouri, U.S. |
| Spouse | Nancy Opie Ball |
| Relations | Edward (brother), James (brother); see Bates extended family |
| Children | Emily Caroline (1820–1891), Lucius Lee (1821–1898), Woodville (1823–1840) and Frederick Jr. (1826–1862) |
Frederick Bates (June 23, 1777 – August 4, 1825), was an American attorney and politician. He was elected in 1824 as the second governor of Missouri and died in office in 1825. Before that he had served as a justice of the Territorial Supreme Court for Michigan Territory, was appointed by Thomas Jefferson as Secretary of the Louisiana Territory and started to build his political base in St. Louis.
Early life and education
[edit]Frederick Bates was born in 1777 into the slave-holding class in Goochland County, Virginia. Though a Quaker, Bates and his family were lifelong slaveholders. Bates was schooled privately at his family's Belmont plantation by tutors. Later he went to college and read the law with an established firm. He settled in Detroit in 1797 and became its first postmaster in 1803.[1] He was a member of the Bates family along with his brothers Edward and James Woodson Bates.[2]
Career
[edit]After working as an attorney, Bates started his political career when appointed as a justice of the Territorial Supreme Court for Michigan Territory in Detroit. He received a significant promotion when the Aaron Burr conspiracy was uncovered. In February 1807, while Bates was in Washington, President Thomas Jefferson appointed him to be Secretary of the Louisiana Territory, as well as a recorder of land titles.[3] As secretary, he was also commander in chief of the militia.[4] He held this position in St. Louis until 1812. Bates helped determine whether conflicting French, Spanish, and American land claims in the territory would be upheld, as it had been subject to three differing political systems.[5]
Jefferson had already decided on the returning explorer and fellow Virginian Meriwether Lewis as governor of the huge new Louisiana Territory, which approximately equaled the size of the existing United States. Bates preceded Lewis to St. Louis and became a powerful political force in the new territory; he was a political rival of Lewis until the latter's death while traveling from St. Louis to Washington on business in 1809. Later, as Secretary of the newly formed Missouri Territory (1812–1821), he became acting governor in the frequent absences of Territorial Governor William Clark.[3]
In the August 1824 election, Bates was elected the second governor of Missouri. He died in office in August 1825 in Chesterfield, Missouri, due to a short illness thought to be pneumonia. Bates was buried at the family cemetery on the Thornhill estate near St. Louis.
Marriage and family
[edit]
In 1819, Bates married Nancy Opie Ball (1802–1877), daughter of a wealthy Virginia colonel. The couple had four children, Emily Caroline (1820–1891), Lucius Lee (1821–1898), Woodville (1823–1840) and Frederick Jr. (1826–1862).[6]
During his time in Missouri, Bates acquired nearly 1000 acres (4 km2) of land, which he called Thornhill. He also acquired several enslaved men, women, and children. He had built a Federal-style home with high ceilings for summer ventilation, fine woodwork and a sophisticated floor plan; all this would have been familiar to Bates from his childhood home, Belmont, in Goochland County, Virginia. The Thornhill estate still exists today and can be viewed by the public. It is located in Faust County Park in Chesterfield, Missouri.
Legacy and honors
[edit]Governor Bates is the namesake of Bates County, Missouri.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ Dunbar, Willis F. & May, George S. (3d ed. 1995). Michigan: A History of the Wolverine State, p. 113. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.
- ^ Mercer, Thomas (1990). Bates: A Familial Journey. Boston Herald Publ.
- ^ a b William E. Foley (12 March 2014). The Genesis of Missouri: From Wilderness Outpost to Statehood. University of Missouri Press. pp. 215–. ISBN 978-0-8262-6053-6.
- ^ Salter, William. "The life of Henry Dodge, from 1782 to 1833: with portrait by George Catlin and maps of the battles of the Pecatonica and Wisconsin Heights in the Black Hawk War". American West. Adam Matthew Digital. p. 3. Retrieved 5 April 2023.
- ^ Henry Putney Beers (1 December 1989). French and Spanish Records of Louisiana: A Bibliographical Guide to Archive and Manuscript Sources. LSU Press. pp. 281–. ISBN 978-0-8071-2793-3.
- ^ William Smith Bryan; Macgunnigle (1 June 2009). Rhode Island Freemen, 1747-1755. Genealogical Publishing Com. pp. 131–. ISBN 978-0-8063-0753-4.
- ^ Eaton, David Wolfe (1916). How Missouri Counties, Towns and Streams Were Named. The State Historical Society of Missouri. pp. 208.
External links
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| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
- 1777 births
- 1825 deaths
- People from Loudoun County, Virginia
- Missouri Democratic-Republicans
- Missouri Territory officials
- Governors of Missouri
- Michigan postmasters
- People from St. Louis County, Missouri
- Justices of the Michigan Supreme Court
- Democratic-Republican Party state governors of the United States
- 19th-century American judges
- 19th-century American lawyers