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Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China (1949–1954)

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Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China
中華人民共和國中央人民政府
National Emblem of China
Formation1 October 1949 (1949-10-01)
Extinction27 September 1949 (1949-09-27)
Founding documentCommon Program of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
CountryChina
Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
LeaderChairman of the CCP
Legislative branch
LegislatureChinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)
ChairChairman of the CPPCC
Executive branch
LeaderChairman of the Central People's Government
Main bodyCentral People's Government Council
Main organGovernment Administration Council
Judicial branch
CourtSupreme People's Court
ProcuratorateSupreme People's Procuratorate
Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China
Traditional Chinese中華人民共和國中央人民政府
Simplified Chinese中华人民共和国中央人民政府
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Zhōngyāng Rénmín Zhèngfǔ
Wade–GilesChung1-hua2 Jen2-min2 Kung4-ho2-kuo2 Chung1-yang1 Jen2-min2 Cheng4-fu3

The Central People's Government was the central government of the People's Republic of China between October 1, 1949 and September 20, 1954. The government was formed in accordance with the Common Program and the Government Organic Law promulgated by the 1st National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).[1]

The Central People's Government served as the provisional government for exercising state power before the 1st National People's Congress (NPC) was elected to draft the new constitution of China. The government ceased to exist after the enactment of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China on September 20, 1954, and was reformed into the constitutional government of China.

Since 1954, the "Central People's Government" has been synonymous with the "State Council" in the current government of China.[citation needed]

History

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On September 27, 1949, the first plenary session of the 1st National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) passed the Organic Law of the Central People's Government. It also elected the Central People's Government Committee on September 30, 1949.[2][3]The government was then promulgated by Mao Zedong at the ceremony of Proclamation of the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949.

On September 20, 1954, with the enactment of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China by the 1st National People's Congress (NPC). The Central People's Government ceased to exist and was reformed into the new constitutional government of China.

Organizational structure

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The Central People's Government was then composed of:[3]

Name Chinese Year
Central People's Government Council 中央人民政府委員會 1949 – 1954
Government Administration Council 政務院 1949 – 1954
People's Revolutionary Military Council 人民革命軍事委員會 1949 – 1954
Supreme People's Court 最高人民法院 1949 – 1954
Supreme People's Procuratorate 最高人民檢察署 1949 – 1954
State Planning Commission 國家計畫委員會 1952 – 1954
Regional administrative councils 大區行政委員會 1953 – 1954

Between 1953 and 1954, there were 6 regional administrative councils:

In September 1954, with the enactment of the new constitution of China:

  • Agencies of the Government Administration Council became part of the State Council (国务院)
  • The People's Revolutionary Military Council became the National Defense Council (国防委员会) and is directly subordinates to the Chairman of China (国家主席).
  • The State Planning Commission was placed under the State Council.
  • The 6 regional administrative councils was defunct and all Province-level People's Government is directly subordinates to the State Council.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Article 12, Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
  2. ^ "中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议在北平举行" [The first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was held in Beiping]. People's Daily. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Part 6: 1st plenum of the CPPCC". The Common Program of the People's Republic of China 1949-1954. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
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